God Defines Roman Citizenship

Romans 16:5 Likewise greet the church that is in their house. Salute my well-beloved Epaenetus, who is the firstfruits of Achaia unto Christ.

English “Epaenetus” emboldened in Romans 16:5 was translated from Greek proper masculine noun 1866 epainetos pronounced ep-a’-hee-net-os which appears only in Romans 16:5 was translated from Greek Ἐπαίνετος indicating he was a citizen of the Eastern Roman Empire.

Romans 16:6 Greet Mary, who bestowed much labour on us.

English “Mary” emboldened in Romans 16:6 was translated from Greek proper feminine noun 3137 maria which was translated into A. Mary the mother of Jesus B. Mary Magdalene, a women from Magdala C. Mary, the sister of Lazarus and Martha D. Mary of Cleophas the mother of James the less E. Mary the mother of John Mark and sister of Barnabas F. Mary, the Christian noted in Roman 16:6. Greek proper feminine noun 3137 maria matches the Greek Μαρία indicating the Mary of Romans 16:6 was a citizen of the Eastern Roman Empire.

Romans 16:7 Salute Andronicus and Junia, my kinsmen, and my fellow-prisoners, who are of note among the apostles, who also were in Christ before me.

English “Andronicus” and “Junia” emboldened in Romans 16:7 were translated from Greek proper masculine noun 408 andronikos and Greek proper feminine noun 2458 iounias respectively who appear only in Romans 16:7 and since there is no Hebrew or Latin heritage they are Grecian citizens from an area 20 miles West of Athens.

Romans 16:8  Greet Amplias my beloved in the Lord.

English “Amplias” emboldened in Romans 16:8 was translated from Greek proper masculine noun 291 amplias translated from Latin Ἀμπλιᾶς indicating that he is a citizen of the Western Roman empire.

Romans 16:9 Salute Urbane, our helper in Christ, and Stachys my beloved.

English “Urbane” emboldened in Romans 16:9 was translated from Greek proper masculine noun 3773 ourbanos from Latin Οὐρβανός indicating that he is a citizen of the Western Roman Empire. English “Stachys” emboldened in Romans 16:9 was translated from Greek proper masculine noun 4720 stachys transliterated from Greek Στάχυς indicating he is a citizen of the Eastern Roman Empire.

Romans 16:10 Salute Apelles approved in Christ. Salute them which are of Aristobulus‘ household.

English “Apelles” emboldened in Romans 16:10 was translated from Greek proper masculine noun 559 apelles from Latin Ἀπελλῆς indicating that he is a citizen of the Western Roman Empire. English “Aristobulus” emboldened in Romans 16:10 was translated from Greek proper masculine noun 711 aristoboulos transliterated from Greek Ἀριστόβουλος indicating he is a citizen of the Eastern Roman Empire.

Romans 16:11Salute Herodion my kinsman. Greet them that be of the household of Narcissus, which are in the Lord.

English “Herodion” emboldened in Romans 16:11 was translated from Greek proper masculine noun 2267 herodion from Greek Ἡρωδίων indicating that he is a citizen of the Eastern Roman Empire. English “Narcissus” emboldened in Romans 16:11 was translated from Greek proper masculine noun 3488 narkissos transliterated from Greek Νάρκισσος indicating he is a citizen of the Eastern Roman Empire.

Romans 16:12 Salute Tryphena and Tryphosa, who labour in the Lord. Salute the beloved Persis, which laboured much in the Lord.

English “Tryphena” emboldened in Romans 16:12 was translated from Greek proper feminine noun 5170 tryphaina from Greek Τρύφαινα indicating that she is a citizen of the Eastern Roman Empire. English “Tryphosa” emboldened in Romans 16:12 was translated from Greek proper feminine noun 5173 tryphosa transliterated from Greek Τρυφῶσα indicating she is a citizen of the Eastern Roman Empire. English “Persis” emboldened in Romans 16:12 was translated from Greek proper feminine noun 4069 persis transliterated from Persian Περσίς indicating she is a Persian woman who converted to Christianity.

Romans 16:13 Salute Rufus chosen in the Lord, and his mother and mine.

English “Rufus” emboldened in Romans 16:13 was translated from Greek proper masculine noun 4504 rhouphos from Latin Ῥοῦφος indicating that he is a citizen of the Western Roman Empire.

Romans 16:14 Salute Asyncritus, Phlegon, Hermas, Patrobas, Hermes, and the brethren which are with them.

English “Asyncritus” emboldened in Romans 16:14 was translated from Greek proper masculine noun 799 asygkritos from Greek Ἀσύγκριτος indicating that he is a citizen of the Eastern Roman Empire.

English “Phlegon” emboldened in Romans 16:14 was translated from Greek proper masculine noun 5393 phlegon from Greek Φλέγων indicating that he is a citizen of the Eastern Roman Empire.

English “Hermas” emboldened in Romans 16:14 was translated from Greek proper masculine noun 2057 hermas from Greek Ἑρμᾶς indicating that he is a citizen of the Eastern Roman Empire.

English “Patrobas” emboldened in Romans 16:14 was translated from Greek proper masculine noun 3969 patrobas from Greek Πατροβᾶς indicating that he is a citizen of the Eastern Roman Empire.

English “Hermes” emboldened in Romans 16:14 was translated from Greek proper masculine noun 2060 hermes from Greek Ἑρμῆς indicating that he is a citizen of the Eastern Roman Empire.

Romans 16:15 Salute Philologus, and Julia, Nereus, and his sister, and Olympas, and all the saints which are with them.

English “Philologus” emboldened in Romans 16:15 was translated from Greek proper masculine noun 5378 philologos from Greek Φιλόλογος indicating that he is a citizen of the Eastern Roman Empire.

English “Julia” emboldened in Romans 16:15 was translated from Greek proper feminine noun 2456 ioulia from Greek Ἰουλία indicating that she is a citizen of the Eastern Roman Empire.

English “Nereus” emboldened in Romans 16:15 was translated from Greek proper masculine noun 3517 nereus from Greek Νηρεύς indicating that he is a citizen of the Eastern Roman Empire.

English “Olympas” emboldened in Romans 16:15 was translated from Greek proper masculine noun 3652 olympas from Greek Ὀλυμπᾶς indicating that he is a citizen of the Eastern Roman Empire.